Artificial Intelligence: Machine Learning and Human Intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) is a branch of computer science concerned with building smart machines which are capable of performing tasks that typically require human intelligence. Artificial Intelligence is an interdisciplinary science with multiple approaches, but advancements in Machine Learning and deep learning are creating a paradigm shift in virtually every sector of the technical industry. 

 

IMPORTANT: Algorithms often play a very important part in the structure of artificial intelligence, where simple algorithms are used in simple applications, while more complex ones help frame strong artificial intelligence.

Can machines think? — Alan Turing, 1950

Mathematician Alan Turing changed history a second time with a simple question: "Can machines think?"

Turing Publish a paper "Computing Machinery and Intelligence" in 1950, and it's subsequent Turing Test, established the vision and fundamental goals of Artificial Intelligence.    

According to Russel and Norvig Artificial Intelligence is "the study of agents that receive percepts from the environment and perform actions."

Norvig and Russell explores four different approaches to define the field of Artificial Intelligence:

1. Thinking humanly
2. Thinking rationally
3. Acting humanly 
4. Acting rationally

The Thinking Humanly and Thinking Rationally is concerned about thought processes and reasoning, while Action Humanly and Action Rationally deal with behaviorism.

In Simple Words "Artificial Intelligence is Simulation of Human Intelligence in Machine that are programmed to think like human being and mimic their actions"